Medical liquid dispensing applicators and methods of manufacture

ABSTRACT

A liquid dispensing applicator that can include a sound-generating system for generating a sound during rotation of the container body to indicate to a user that the rotation is performed. The sound-generating system includes at least one knob and a plurality of ribs. The at least one knob cooperates with at least some of the ribs during rotation of the container body, in order to generate the sound. The liquid dispensing applicator can alternatively or also include a wing element insertable into a slot provided in an absorbent material. The wing element extends from an outer surface of the head component and comprises opposing surfaces and a at least one edge spike provided on an edge of the at least one wing element, and configured to prevent the absorbent material from being removed after insertion of the wing element into the slot.

RELATED APPLICATION

The present application is a national stage application under 35 U.S.C. §371 of International Application No. PCT/CA2015/050436, filed May 13, 2015, which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The technical field generally relates to liquid application onto a surface, and more particularly to liquid dispensing applicators for applying medical liquids to the surface of patients, as well as methods of manufacturing such liquid dispensing applicators.

BACKGROUND

Applicators for applying liquids to surfaces are broadly used in several industries such as the medical domain to treat or clean. Hygiene, reliability, ease of use and safety are some of the desirable characteristics for such applicators. One way to promote or improve the hygienic characteristics of an applicator may be by ensuring that the applicator can only be used once and then must be thrown away. Another way is by limiting environmental or user access to certain parts of the applicator.

Another consideration for fluid applicators is fluid flow. Fluid flow characteristics are an issue because providing excessive or insufficient amount of liquid on a surface can be detrimental or problematic to the fluid application purpose.

In addition, in particular for medicinal or antiseptic liquids it is desirable to reliably liberate the liquid at the moment of application. For desirable operation, the liquid applicator is often provided with an absorbent material to receive the liquid and then spread the liquid onto a surface. Liberating the liquid into the absorbent material can have several challenges. The absorbent material plays a role in the regulation of the liquid flow and the design of the container component can also affect the fluid flow. In addition, the relative orientation and the position of the different components of the applicator can influence the fluid flow and method of dispensing the liquid.

There are some known liquid applicators that use certain mechanisms to hold, liberate and apply the liquid. One known type of applicator is described in U.S. Pat. No. 7,614,811 B2 (hereafter “Kaufman '811”). Kaufman '811 describes a hand-held dispensing applicator comprising a source of fluid, a frangible applicator tip attached to the fluid source, and an absorbent member attached to the frangible applicator tip. When the frangible applicator tip is broken, fluid flows from the source to the absorbent member, whereby the fluid is applied and spread on a surface. The frangible applicator tip may comprise a support element permanently connected to the fluid source, a relatively rigid tongue element extending outwardly of the support element, and a frangible region there-between. By deflecting the tongue element relative to the support element, the frangible region fractures to thereby permit fluid to flow from the fluid source into the attached absorbent member.

The Kaufman '881 applicator and method of operation have various limitations and disadvantages related to the deflection method and configuration of the tongue element. Having the tongue provide structural support for the absorbent member may also lead to inconsistent performance and complicated manufacture and design requirements.

Another known type of applicator is described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/740,910, published under No. 2007/0286668 (hereafter “Kaufman '910”). Kaufman '910 describes several variants of a hand-held dispensing applicator. One of the variants illustrated in FIGS. 12-26 comprises a container with a tongue element and a stem piece containing a fracture anvil having a cruciform passage for receiving the tongue element when the container and stem piece are coupled together the cruciform passage and the tongue element engage to twist the tongue element at a weakened joinder location resulting in at least partial separation from the container to enable the liquid to flow into the stem piece toward an absorbent material.

Another fluid applicator with tongue-and-slot configuration is described in U.S. Pat. No. 6,533,484 (hereafter “Osei '484”). Osei '484 describes a fluid applicator comprising a solution container having a frangible twist-off member and an applicator head having a receiving member that the twist-off member engages when the applicator head is rotated relative to the solution container to open the container at the twist-off member to enable fluid to flow from the solution container into the applicator head and to an applicating material.

The known fluid applicators have a number of disadvantages related to reliability, ease of use, safety, manufacturing and effective fluid application. There is a need for a liquid dispensing applicator that overcomes at least some of the disadvantages of what is known in this field.

SUMMARY

The present invention responds to the above-mentioned need by providing liquid dispensing applicators and method of manufacturing such applicators.

In one embodiment, there is provided a liquid dispensing applicator, comprising: a container body for containing a liquid, the container body having a longitudinal axis about which the container body is rotatable and a first end and a second end, the second end comprising a projection; a head component comprising a passageway having a distal end and a proximal end, the proximal end being for receiving the second end of the container body and the distal end being for applying the liquid onto a surface, the passageway containing a slot system for receiving the projection of the container body; wherein the container body and the head component are rotatable with respect to each other to enable engagement of the projection and the slot system and cause breakage of part of the container body to form a fluid communication breach thereby allowing the liquid to flow from the container body into the passageway of the head component; and a sound-generating system for generating a sound during rotation of the container body about the longitudinal axis to indicate to a user that the rotation is performed, the sound-generating system comprising: at least one knob and a plurality of ribs, the at least one knob cooperating with at least some of the ribs during rotation of the container body about the longitudinal axis, in order to generate the sound, wherein the at least one knob is located on an outer surface of the head component and the plurality of ribs are located on an outer surface of the second end of the container body, or the at least one knob is located on the outer surface of the second end of the container body and the plurality of ribs are located on the outer surface of the head component.

In one optional aspect, the at least one knob comprises two knobs.

In another optional aspect, the two knobs are located opposite to each other.

In another optional aspect, the at least one knob is positioned between two consecutive ones of the plurality of ribs.

In another optional aspect, the container body and the head component are rotatable with respect to each other to up to a maximum angle.

In another optional aspect, the fluid communication breach is formed substantially upon reaching the maximum angle, and wherein the at least one knob is immobilized upon reaching the maximum angle thereby stopping generation of the sound.

In another optional aspect, the maximum angle is between about 80° and about 180°.

In another optional aspect, a snap signifies the user of the completion of the rotation and the projection break.

In another optional aspect, the at least one knob extends from the outer surface of the head component to contact the second end of the container body and two consecutive ones of the plurality of ribs.

In another optional aspect, each one of the plurality of ribs extends from the second end of the container body to contact the outer surface of the head component.

In another optional aspect, the at least one knob extends from the second end of the container body to contact the outer surface of the head component and two consecutive ones of the plurality of ribs.

In another optional aspect, each one of the plurality of ribs extends from the outer surface of the head component to contact the second end of the container body.

In one embodiment, there is provided a liquid dispensing applicator, comprising: a container body for containing a liquid, the container body having a longitudinal axis about which the container body is rotatable and a first end and a second end, the second end comprising a projection; a head component comprising a passageway having a distal end and a proximal end, the proximal end being for receiving the second end of the container body and the distal end being for applying the liquid onto a surface, the passageway containing a slot system for receiving the projection of the container body; wherein the container body and the head component are rotatable with respect to each other to enable engagement of the projection and the slot system and cause breakage of part of the container body to form a fluid communication breach thereby allowing the liquid to flow from the container body into the passageway of the head component, the head component further comprising at least one wing element insertable into a slot provided in an absorbent material, the at least one wing element extending from an outer surface of the head component and comprising opposing surfaces and a at least one edge spike provided on an edge of the at least one wing element and configured to prevent the absorbent material from being removed after insertion of the at least one wing element into the slot.

In one optional aspect, the at least one edge spike comprises a plurality of edge spikes.

In another optional aspect, an angle formed between the at least one edge spike and the longitudinal axis is lower than 90°.

In another optional aspect, the at least one wing element comprises two wing elements.

In another optional aspect, the two wing elements are provided in a spaced-apart and generally parallel relation to each other.

In another optional aspect, the two wing elements are linked together by a bridge element.

In another optional aspect, at least one of the opposing surfaces comprises at least one surface spike.

In another optional aspect, each one of the opposing surfaces comprises at least one surface spike.

In another optional aspect, the at least one surface spike comprises a plurality of surface spikes.

In another optional aspect, the at least one wing element comprises an attachment region attached to the outer surface of the head component and a free end extending beyond an end surface of the slot system.

In another optional aspect, the attachment region is connected to a conical part of the head component.

In another optional aspect, the head component including the at least one wing element is provided as a one piece structure.

In another optional aspect, the head component is a molded structure.

In another optional aspect, the absorbent material comprises a single piece of sponge comprising a slot for receiving at least part of the at least one wing element therein.

In one embodiment, there is provided a liquid dispensing applicator comprising: a container body for containing a liquid, the container body having a longitudinal axis about which the container body is rotatable and a first end and a second end, the second end comprising an offset projection located so as to avoid traversing the longitudinal axis; a head component having a passageway having a distal end and a proximal end, the proximal end being for receiving the second end of the container body and the distal end being for applying the liquid onto a surface, the passageway containing a slot system for receiving the offset projection of the container body; wherein the container body and the head component are rotatable with respect to each other to enable engagement of the offset projection and the slot system and cause breakage of the offset projection forming a fluid communication breach thereby allowing the liquid to flow from the container body into the passageway of the head component.

In one optional aspect, the offset projection is oriented in parallel relation with respect to the longitudinal axis.

In another optional aspect, the offset projection is spaced away from the longitudinal axis.

In another optional aspect, the offset projection is formed as a solid peg.

In another optional aspect, the offset projection is cylindrical.

In another optional aspect, the offset projection is sized and configured to enable formation of the fluid communication breach in the container body upon breakage of the offset projection, the fluid communication breach having a size allowing liquid flow control. The fluid communication breach may be sized to prevent gravity-induced liquid flow. In another optional aspect, the fluid communication breach has a diameter of less than about 3 mm. In another optional aspect, the fluid communication breach has a diameter of between about 1.5 mm and about 2 mm.

In another optional aspect, the offset projection is a first offset projection and the container body comprises at least one additional offset projection, constituting a plurality of offset projections.

In another optional aspect, the plurality of offset projections are sized and configured to enable formation of a total fluid communication breach area in the container body upon breakage of the plurality of offset projections, the total fluid communication breach area having a size allowing liquid flow control. In another optional aspect, the total fluid communication breach area is below about 14 mm². In another optional aspect, the total fluid communication breach area is between about 1.75 mm² and about 3.15 mm².

In another optional aspect, the at least one additional offset projection comprises a second offset projection provided in parallel and spaced-apart relation to the first offset projection.

In another optional aspect, the offset projection has a base and a tip and the second end of the container body comprises a weakened region proximate the base of the offset projection. In another optional aspect, the weakened region comprises an indentation in a wall of the second end of the container in opposed relation to the base of the offset projection. In another optional aspect, the indentation is provided with a size and shape conforming to a cross-section of the base of the offset projection.

In another optional aspect, the second end of the container body comprises a frusto-conical wall. In another optional aspect, the passageway of the head component has a cavity with a cooperative shape for receiving and abutting against the frusto-conical wall.

In another optional aspect, the applicator also has an axial coupling system for axially coupling the head component to the container body. In an optional aspect, the axial coupling system comprises a ridge-and-groove system wherein the second end of the container body comprises an annular ridge and an inner surface of the passageway of the head component comprises an annular groove cooperative with the annular ridge for axially coupling the head component to the container body. The ridge-and-groove system may be snap fitting.

In another optional aspect, the applicator has a radial locking system for radially securing the head component to the container body after rotation thereof and breakage of the offset projection. In an optional aspect, the radial locking system comprises a lip-and-channel system comprising at least one lip and at least one corresponding channel, the lip being radially slidable within the channel, the channel comprising a locking nodule at a far end thereof, wherein rotation from an initial position toward a breakage position causes the lip to slide through the channel and pass over the locking nodule and wherein the locking nodule prevents the lip from sliding back to the initial position. The radial locking system may be configured such that the container body is locked with respect to the head component in a fluid flow position wherein fluid flow apertures of the container body are aligned with openings of the passageway.

In another optional aspect, the container body is formed as a one-piece plastic structure. In another optional aspect, the head component is formed as a one-piece plastic structure.

In another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a liquid dispensing applicator comprising: a container body for containing a liquid, the container body having a longitudinal axis about which the container body is rotatable and a first end and a second end, the second end comprising a projection; a head component having a passageway having a distal end and a proximal end, the proximal end being for receiving the second end of the container body and the distal end being for applying the liquid onto a surface, the passageway containing a slot system for receiving the projection of the container body; wherein the container body and the head component are rotatable with respect to each other to enable engagement of the projection and the slot system and cause breakage of the projection forming a fluid communication breach thereby allowing the liquid to flow from the container body into the passageway of the head component; and a radial locking system for radially locking the container body and the head component together after rotation with respect to each other.

In one optional aspect, the projection is at least one offset projection located so as to avoid traversing the longitudinal axis.

In another optional aspect, the projection is a tongue arranged so as to rotate in response to rotation of the container body with respect to the head component.

In another optional aspect, the radial locking system comprises a lip-and-channel system.

In another optional aspect, the lip-and-channel system comprises at least one lip and at least one corresponding channel with a locking nodule over which the lip passes.

In another optional aspect, the at least one lip is provided on the container body and the at least one corresponding channel is provided on an inner surface of the head component.

In another optional aspect, the at least one lip comprises two opposed lips on either side of the container body and the at least one channel comprises two opposed radial channels.

In another optional aspect, the breakage of the projection forms a fluid communication breach and the radial locking system is configured such that the container body and the head component are locked together so that the fluid communication breach is aligned with the passageway.

In another optional aspect, the first end of the container body has a clamped part (pinched part) and the radial locking system is configured such that the container body and the head component are locked together so that the clamped part is oriented for easy and ergonomic grasping.

In another embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a liquid dispensing applicator comprising: a container body for containing a liquid, the container body having a longitudinal axis about which the container body is rotatable and a first end and a second end, the second end comprising a projection; a head component having a passageway having a distal end and a proximal end, the proximal end being for receiving the first end of the container body and the distal end being for applying the liquid onto a surface, the passageway containing a slot system for receiving the projection of the container body; wherein the container body and the head component are rotatable with respect to each other to enable engagement of the projection and the slot system and cause breakage of the projection thereby allowing the liquid to flow from the container body into the passageway of the head component; and a dual-locking system for axially locking the container body and the head component together upon axially coupling and for radially locking the container body and the head component together after rotation with respect to each other.

In one optional aspect, the projection is at least one offset projection located so as to avoid traversing the longitudinal axis.

In another optional aspect, the projection is a tongue arranged so as to rotate in response to rotation of the container body with respect to the head component.

In another optional aspect, the dual-locking system comprises a radial locking system comprising a lip-and-channel system.

In another optional aspect, the lip-and-channel system comprises at least one lip and at least one corresponding radial channel with a locking nodule over which the lip passes for radial locking.

In another optional aspect, the at least one lip is provided on the container body and the at least one corresponding channel is provided on an inner surface of the head component.

In another optional aspect, the at least one lip comprises two opposed lips on either side of the container body and the at least one channel comprises two opposed radial channels.

In another optional aspect, the dual-locking system comprises axial channels communicating with the two radial channels, the axial channels allowing the two lips to be axially inserted therein.

In another optional aspect, the dual-locking system comprises an axial locking system comprising a groove-ridge system.

In another optional aspect, the groove-ridge system comprises the at least one groove provided on the head component and at least one annular ridge provided on the container body for snap-fitting into the corresponding at least one groove.

In another optional aspect, the breakage of the projection forms a fluid communication breach and the radial locking system is configured such that the container body and the head component are locked together so that the fluid communication breach is aligned with the passageway.

In another optional aspect, the first end of the container body has a clamped part (pinched part) and the radial locking system is configured such that the container body and the head component are locked together so that the clamped part is oriented for easy and ergonomic grasping.

In another aspect, there is provided a method of manufacturing a liquid dispensing applicator, having one of more of the above defined features, using a blow-fill-seal (BFS) operation.

In one aspect, the method includes the steps of:

-   -   a) making the container body having one of more of the above         defined features, using a BFS operation, including:         -   i) providing a heated parison made of a polymeric material;         -   ii) enclosing the heated parison between a pair of side             molds;         -   iii) injecting a gas into the parison in order to effect             blow molding of the polymeric material to form a molded             container having an open top end;         -   iv) filling the molded container with a fluid; and         -   v) sealing the filled container using a top mold part, to             form the container body that is full of the fluid; and     -   b) making the head component using a molding operation.

In another aspect, the method is performed such that the container body has an offset projection or a tongue and the fluid communication breach is formed in a region at the base of the projection or tongue where they are joined to the top surface of the second end of the container body. In another aspect, the method is performed such that the container body has a tongue element and the fluid communication breach is formed in a region in spaced relation with respect to the tongue at a frangible membrane and/or crimp around the neck of the container body. The frangible membrane and/or crimp may be located in distal or proximal relation with respect to other elements on the container body, such as the axial locking elements, radial locking elements, and other elements that may be present.

The top mold part may be configured and operated to form the second end of the container body, while the pair of side molds may be configured and operated to form the first end and the main central part of the container body.

In another aspect, there is provided a method of manufacturing a liquid dispensing applicator comprising a container body, which is preferably tubular, and a sponge affixed directly to the liquid dispensing end of the container body. The tubular container body may have one or more features of the container bodies described and illustrated herein, or may be another type of container body. The container body may be a pre-injected tube, e.g. where the tube is pre-injected prior to undergoing a separate filling step, whereas in BFS such steps are done in a single process. The sponge may be connected to the container body after the latter has been formed, e.g. by a BFS method. The sponge may be attached using an adhesive, for example, around the neck of the tubular container body. A user may twist or otherwise break the tongue or projection of the container body by gripping or otherwise engaging it through the sponge that covers the liquid dispensing end of the container body.

There is also provided a medial liquid dispensing applicator, comprising: a container body for containing a liquid, the container body having a longitudinal axis about which the container body is rotatable and a first end and a second end, the second end comprising a projection; a head component comprising a passageway having a distal end and a proximal end, the proximal end being for connection to the second end of the container body and the distal end, the passageway containing a slot system for receiving the projection of the container body; wherein the container body and the head component are rotatable with respect to each other to enable engagement of the projection and the slot system and cause breakage of part of the container body to form a fluid communication breach thereby allowing the liquid to flow from the container body into the passageway of the head component.

In some implementations, the medical liquid dispensing applicator of the previous paragraph comprises one or more features as described in any one or a combination of the above paragraphs, the drawings and/or the below description, such as a sound-generating system, one or more wing elements, a ratchet system, one or more locking systems, and/or a certain configuration of one or more projections and corresponding slot system.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a side partial cut, partial exploded and partial transparent view schematic of a liquid dispensing applicator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side partial cut, partial exploded and partial transparent view schematic of a part of a liquid dispensing applicator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 3a-3j are top plan view schematics of part of an end of a container body according to embodiments of the present invention.

FIGS. 4a-4q are perspective view schematics of an offset projection according to embodiments of the present invention.

FIGS. 5a-5g are side cut view schematics of part of an end of a container body according to embodiments of the present invention.

FIGS. 6a-6c are top plan and partial transparent view schematics of part of an end of a container body according to embodiments of the present invention.

FIGS. 7a-7m are top plan view schematics of part of a slot system of a head component according to embodiments of the present invention.

FIGS. 8a-8d are side partial cut and partial transparent view schematics of a head component according to embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view of a container body with offset projections according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a side plan view of an end of the container body according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a side cut view of part of a head component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a top plan view of part of a head component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 13a-13f are perspective view schematics of radial locking systems according to embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a perspective view schematic of a radial locking system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a top perspective cross-sectional view of part of the head component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a bottom perspective view of the head component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a side cut and exploded view schematic of a head component and a container body according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a perspective view of a container body with tongue according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is an isolated perspective view of a tongue of the container body according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a perspective view of the head component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a partially transparent perspective view of the head component according to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein engagement unit, recesses and grooves are shown transparently in dotted lines.

FIG. 22 is a perspective cross-sectional view of the structure of the head component according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 23 is a cross-sectional side view of the head component.

FIG. 24 is a bottom perspective view of the head component.

FIG. 25 is a close-up perspective view of the front end of the container body without the tongue member or offset projections.

FIG. 26 is a perspective view of the head component coupled with an absorbent material.

FIG. 27 is a side plan view schematic of an end of the container body according to another embodiment of the present invention.

FIGS. 28a-28d are side perspective view schematics of configurations of offset projections with support tabs.

FIG. 29 is a side perspective view schematic of a configuration of offset projections with support tabs linked to a central protuberance.

FIG. 30 is a perspective exploded view schematic of a container body and a sponge.

FIG. 31 is a perspective view schematic of an applicator including a container body and a sponge.

FIG. 32 is a perspective exploded view schematic of an applicator.

FIG. 33 is a perspective view schematic of a variant head component.

FIGS. 34a and 34b are perspective front and back view schematics of another variant head component.

FIG. 35a is a perspective view schematic of yet another variant head component.

FIG. 35b is a side elevated view schematic of the variant head component of FIG. 35 a.

FIGS. 36a and 36b are perspective exploded view schematics of an applicator including a sound feedback system, according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 37a is a side plan view schematic of the applicator of FIGS. 36a and 36 b.

FIG. 37b is a side plan and partial transparent view schematic of the applicator of FIG. 37 a.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Referring to FIG. 1, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the liquid dispensing applicator 10 includes two main parts: a container body 12 and a head component 14. These two components may be axially coupled together in operation. Some axial coupling mechanisms that may be used in connection with the present invention will be described further below.

The container body 12 preferably has an outer wall 16 defining a container cavity 18 therein for receiving and holding a liquid. The container body 12 may be a one-piece structure or it may be composed of two or more sub-components fixed or otherwise coupled together. The container body 12 is preferably formed as a generally elongated tubular structure with opposed first and second ends 20, 22. The container body 12 also has a longitudinal axis 24 about which the container body 12 can rotate. Preferably this longitudinal axis 24 passes through the center line of the tubular structure having a circular cross-section. The container body 12 also has at its second end 22 at least one offset projection 26. The illustrated embodiment of FIG. 1 has a pair of offset projections 26. Each of the offset projections 26 extends from a terminal surface 28 of the container body at the second end 22 thereof. Preferably each offset projection extends at a right angle with respect to the terminal surface 28 and is parallel with respect to the longitudinal axis 24 of the container body 12. When a pair of offset projections 26 is provided, they are preferably equally spaced away from a central point of the second end 22 through which the longitudinal axis 24 passes.

The offset projection is so-called because it is located on the second end of the container body so as to avoid traversing the longitudinal axis. Unlike a central tongue or tab that may span the width of the second end and thus traverse the longitudinal axis 24, the offset projections are located such that each offset projection does not cross the longitudinal axis 24. As will be explained further below, by locating the offset projections in such a way, they are not twisted in response to rotation but are rather deflected and sheared.

Referring still to FIG. 1, the second end 22 of the container body 12 is fit into part of the head component 14. The head component 14 comprises a tubular trunk 30 for receiving the second end 22 of the container body 12 as well as a base portion 32 for supporting an absorbent material 34 such as a sponge. The tubular trunk 30 has a slot system 36 configured for receiving the offset projections 26 of the container body 12.

In operation, the container body 12 is coupled to the head component 14 so as to be axially secured together while allowing rotational movement with respect to each other and so that the offset projections are inserted within the slot system 36. Upon rotation of the container body 12 with respect to the head component 14, the offset projections 26 engage with the slot system 36 causing shearing and breakage at or near to offset projections 26, thereby allowing the liquid to flow from within the container body 12 into and through the head component 14 toward the absorbent material 34. Breakage of the projections 26 results in the formation of apertures in the second end 22 of the container body 12. Such apertures are schematically illustrated and identified with reference character 37 in FIG. 17.

Referring now to FIG. 2, the slot system 36 comprises one or more slots 38 sized and configured to receive corresponding ones of the offset projections 26. The slots 38 are formed within the material of the engagement unit 40 which is mounted within or unitary with an outer wall 42 of the tubular trunk 30. In the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 2, the offset projections 26 and the slots 38 have cylindrical shapes and are sized such that the offset projections 26 fit entirely within the slots 38 which each extend partially within the engagement unit 40, rather than extending entirely there-through. The engagement unit 40 also has a fluid passageway 44, which is sized and configured so as to align with the tom open apertures formed after breakage of the offset projections 26. The fluid passageway 44 is thus in fluid communication with the proximal end of the tubular trunk 30 and allows fluid to flow into the base portion 32 and into the absorbent material 34.

Referring to FIGS. 3a-3j , it should be understood that the at least one offset projection 26 may be provided in several ways and may take various forms. There may be a pair of projections 26 equally spaced away from the axis as shown in FIGS. 3a, 3e, 3f, 3h, 3i and 3j ; multiple projections 26 located around the terminal surface of the container body as shown in FIGS. 3c and 3d ; a single projection 26 as shown in FIGS. 3b and 3g ; projections that are all spaced away from the central axis as shown in FIGS. 3a-3f and 3h ; projections that have a surface aligned with but not traversing the central axis as shown in FIG. 3g ; projections that have a circular cross-section as shown in FIGS. 3a-3e and 3g ; projections of different sizes on a single container as shown in FIG. 3d ; projections that have oval cross-sections as shown in FIG. 3f ; and/or projections that have other cross-sections as shown in FIGS. 3h and 3j . In addition, referring to FIGS. 4a-4q , each offset projection may have various forms, some of which are illustrated here.

It is also noted that the container body is preferably constructed as a unitary one-piece structure made of plastic material. Thus, the projections are preferably unitary with the rest of the container body 12.

Referring to FIGS. 5a-5g , the second end of the container body may have an end wall 46 from which the offset projections 26 extend and which has weakened regions 48 proximate the base of respective offset projections 26. The weakened regions 48 may include indentations 50 as shown in FIGS. 5a-5d and 5g . The weakened regions 48 may also be areas where the end wall 46 is thinner than the rest of the wall of the container body as shown in FIG. 5f . The weakened regions 48 may also include hollow sections 52 of the projections 26 as shown in FIGS. 5c-5e . The hollow sections 52 may be joined with the indentations 50 as shown in FIG. 5 c.

Referring to FIGS. 6a-6c , the weakened regions such as indentations 50 may be sized and located in several different ways. The indentations 50 may be provided in a concentric manner with respect to the cross-section of respective offset projections 26 as shown in FIG. 6a ; they may be provided offset with respect to the cross-section of respective offset projections 26 as shown in FIG. 6b , for instance offset in the rotational direction in which the projections are sheared and displaced; and they may be provided as an annular continuous indentation 50 encircling the central axis and located below each of the offset projections 26 as shown in FIG. 6 c.

Referring to FIG. 17, the weakened region 48 may also include a notch 54 provided in the base of the offset projection 26 and optionally a corresponding edge 56 in the upper part of the slot 38 for engaging the notch and facilitating breakage of the projection 26.

It should be noted that various other means may be used to facilitate the breaking of the projections and opening up of the apertures in the container body to enable and facilitate fluid flow.

Referring to FIGS. 7a-7m , the engagement unit 40 has one or more slots 38 and one or more fluid passageways 44. In the illustrated embodiments of FIGS. 7a-7l , the preferred rotation of the head component relative to the container body is 90°, thus allowing the torn open apertures of the container body to align with passageways. It should be noted that other configurations are also possible. For instance, FIG. 7m shows a configuration for 180° rotation for ideal alignment.

Referring to FIGS. 7k, 3e, 3i and 3j , the container body may also have a central protuberance 58 aligned with the longitudinal axis and the engagement unit 40 may have a corresponding hole 60 for receiving the central protuberance 58, which does not break but rather helps to stabilise and orient the components together for coupling and rotation.

Referring to FIGS. 8a-8d , the fluid passageway 44 and the slots 38 may have several different configurations. For instance, the slots 38 may extend only partially down into the engagement unit material as shown in FIGS. 8a and 8d , or they may extend all the way through as shown in FIGS. 8b and 8c . In addition, the engagement unit 40 may taper inwardly as it extends toward the base portion 32 as shown in FIGS. 8c and 8d . The fluid passageway 44 may have a constant cross-section as shown in FIGS. 8a-8c , or it may have a variable cross-section where at least part of the passageway tapers outwardly as it extends toward the base portion 32 as shown in FIG. 8d . The engagement unit 40 may have a proximal surface 62 and a distal surface 64 which may be parallel to each other as shown in FIGS. 8a-8c , or not. FIG. 8d shows a configuration in which the distal surface 64 is not parallel to the proximal surface 62 but rather to the base portion 32. It should also be noted that the engagement unit 40 may be located at a desired depth with the tubular trunk 30 of the head component 14. In one embodiment, the engagement unit 40 is located relatively deep in the trunk 30 as illustrated in FIG. 8c such that at least part of the distal surface 64 is aligned with the undersurface 66 of a hollow space defined in the base portion for receiving the absorbent material.

Referring now to FIG. 9, the container body 12 is preferably designed to have an elongated tubular structure so as to be manipulated as a handle by a user. The container body 12 has a central portion 68 in between the first end 20 and the second end 22. The central portion 68 is preferably made of a deformable material, such as various plastic materials, so as to be squeezable in order to allow a user to influence the pressure exerted on the liquid and thus control the liquid flow. The first end 20 of the container body 12 is preferably closed by a pinched plastic part 70. Alternatively, the first end 20 may be closed using a variety of other techniques depending on the method of filling the container body 12 with the liquid and on the particular construction and parts used to assemble the container body. In a preferred aspect, the container body 12 is formed as a one-piece structure made from a plastic material. Such a one-piece structure may be manufactured using various moulding techniques, for example. It is also possible to construct the container body is other ways. For example, the container body 12 may be assembled from two or more parts that are fused, melted or screwed together. The first and second ends 20, 22, for example, may be separate components that are permanently or reversibly attached to the central portion 68 to form the container body 12. It should be noted that such attachment between container body sub-components should be fluid-tight.

Referring still to FIG. 9, the second end 22 of the container body 12 may be configured and provided with several preferred features for advantageous functionality of the liquid dispensing applicator. The second end 22 preferably includes a side wall 72 and the end wall 46. The side wall 72 has a cylindrical section 74 connected to the central portion 68 of the container body 12 and has a frustro-conical section 76 extending between and connecting the cylindrical section 74 and the end wall 46. The cylindrical section 74 has a smaller diameter than that of the central portion 68, preferably sized such that the entire second end 22 of the container body can be inserted within the tubular trunk of the head component. An annular ledge 78 defined between the cylindrical section 72 and the central portion 68 can abut on a corresponding annular surface (identified with reference character 80 in FIG. 15) of the head component. The surface of the outer wall 16 of the container body thus aligns to be generally coplanar with the outer surface of the tubular trunk, thereby providing a flush surface for the assembled applicator. The side wall 72 is preferably provided as a rigid, thick or strengthened plastic wall compared to the outer wall 16 of the rest of the container body, especially compared to that of the central portion 68.

In another preferred embodiment, the liquid dispensing applicator has a double-locking mechanism for both axially and radially locking the head component to the container body in the desired functional positions.

Preferably the axial locking system comprises ridge-and-groove system wherein one of the components has a ridge and the other component has a groove for receiving the ridge when the components are axially coupled together. Preferably the ridge-and-groove system is snap fitting. It is also noted that there may be multiple ridges and corresponding grooves for providing multiple snap fit connection points.

Referring to FIG. 9, the second end 22 of the container body 12, preferably the frustro-conical section 72 comprises the annular ridge 82. Referring to FIG. 11 an inner surface of the tubular trunk 30 has the annular groove 84 that is cooperative with the annular ridge for axially coupling the head component to the container body. It should be noted that the annular ridge may alternatively be provided on the head component and the annular groove may be provided on the second end of the container body.

Preferably the radial locking system for radially securing the head component to the container body after rotation thereof and breakage of the offset projection comprises a lip-and-channel system wherein one of the components has at least one lip and the other component has at least one corresponding channel with a locking nodule.

Referring to FIG. 10, the second end 22 of the container body 12, preferably the cylindrical section 74, comprises the lip 86. Preferably there are two opposed lips 86 one on each side of the container body 12. Referring to FIG. 11, an inner surface of the tubular trunk 30 has the channel 88. The channel 88 preferably has a radial channel section 90 and an axial channel section 92, which are interconnected so that the lip can slide axially through the axial channel 92 when axially coupling the two head component to the container body and then the lip can slide radially along the radial channel 90 when the components are rotated with respect to each other. The lip 86 is radially slidable within the radial channel section 90, which has a locking nodule 94 at its far end 96. When releasing the liquid from the container body 12, rotation from an initial position toward a breakage and liquid release position causes the lip 86 to slide through the radial channel 90 and pass over the locking nodule 94 and the locking nodule 94 then prevents the lip 86 from sliding back. The far end 96 of the radial channel 90 is sized and configured to receive the lip 86. It should be noted that the lips may alternatively be provided on the head component and the channels may be provided on the second end of the container body. Having two opposed lips and two opposed corresponding channels enables, for example, improved guiding and stability for rotating and radial locking.

Referring to FIG. 12, there are preferably two opposed channels such that the axial channel sections 92 are on either side of the tubular trunk 30.

Referring to FIGS. 13a-13f , the locking nodule 94 can be provided in a number of ways within the radial channel 90. The locking nodule 94 can take the form of a round bump as shown in FIGS. 13b and 13c , an inclined block with a straight back edge as shown in FIG. 13a , a ledge defined by a sloping radial channel as shown in FIG. 13d , or another shape or form. The locking nodule 94 may also be provided on a bottom surface 96 or a side surface 100 of the radial channel 90. FIG. 13e shows a flexible tab-like nodule and FIG. 13f shows a configuration using two nodules on the bottom and side surfaces of the radial channel 90.

In addition, the radial locking system may be configured to have multiple or staged locking positions.

Referring to FIG. 14, the radial channel 90 may have multiple locking nodules including a first nodule 94 a and a second nodule 94 b. Rotation of the head component relative to the container body will cause the lip to pass over the first nodule 94 and retaining the lip in a first channel section 102 and securing the components together at an intermediate position. Further rotation of the components causes the lip to pass over the second nodule 94 b and to be retained in the second channel section 104 at the end of the radial channel 90. It should be noted that the passageway and offset projections may be configured and oriented such that in the intermediate rotational position, the liquid can be release in a different manner compared to a full rotation position, e.g. different passageway diameters could enable different flow control and flow rate of liquid. In one aspect, the fluid communication breaches formed by breakage of the projections are sized to prevent gravity-induced liquid flow, thus allowing fluid to be retained within the container body unless the user exerts pressure on the container body.

With regard to the radial locking system, various different structures and interworking parts may be provided to allow the head component to be secured to the container body after rotation. For instance, instead of having a channel inset into the inner surface of the tubular trunk of the head component, there may be an elongated slot through the tubular trunk and the container body may have a rod projecting so as to pass through the elongate slot and be slidable therein. The elongated slot may have a nodule, edge or another structural element at its far end to resist back sliding of the rod after rotation.

Referring to FIG. 15, once the offset projections have been sheared and liquid has been released though the passageway 44, the fluid flows through a downstream cavity 106 and into the base portion 32 of the head component 14. The base portion 32 has an inset region 108 which has the bottom surface 66. The base portion 32 also has a lower perimeter 110 surrounding the inset region 108. Preferably the absorbent material is attached to the lower perimeter 110 leaving a space (S) between the absorbent material and the bottom surface 66. This spacing (S) is preferably sized and provided so as to allow the liquid to flow into that inset region 108 to improve even distribution over the absorbent material (not illustrated here). The absorbent material is mounted to the base portion preferably around the perimeter 110 using an adhesive. Once the liquid penetrates through the absorbent material it can be dispensed by the absorbent material onto the desired surface.

Each offset projection may have a proximal side and distal side with respect to the center of the end tip. The proximal side may have a surface preferably located in spaced relation from the central axis by a distance D. The distal side of the offset projection may preferably have a surface located so as to be near or defining a smooth line with the surface of the frustro-conical section of the end tip. While the location and configuration of the offset projections may be varied, it may be preferable that each offset projection is located closer to the perimeter of the end of the container body than to the longitudinal axis. Location of the offset projections should also be coordinated with their size, shape and configuration to ensure adequate breakage of the projections in response to rotation of the container body relative to the head component and to facilitate manufacturing and handling of the liquid dispensing applicator. For instance, projections located further away from the longitudinal axis may be preferred for breaking in response to rotation.

Each of the projections also has a top end and bottom end, which may have the same or different cross-section and shape.

Referring now to FIG. 27, multiple offset projections 26 may be joined together via a bridging member 111. There may be one or more bridging members 111 which may be arranged in between the offset projections 26 for stabilizing the projections during manufacturing, handling and packaging of the liquid dispensing applicator. For instance, when the liquid dispensing applicator comprises one-piece moulded container body and one-piece moulded head component, there may be a bridging member 111 that is also unitary with the offset projections 26 for stabilizing them. The bridging member 111 may be structured and configured such that upon insertion of the container body into the head component, the bridging member folds, moves or fractures to allow the offset projections to be received within the slot system. The bridging member 111 may be provided between the far ends of the offset projections, in the middle or in another location and may have a variety of forms and structures.

According to another embodiment of the present invention, referring to FIG. 18, the container body 12 has at its second end 22 a tongue 112 that extends forwardly from the end surface 46. The tongue 112 also preferably includes two ribs 114, 116 which are provided at the opposed edged and at the base of a tab-shaped portion 118. The tongue has breakable regions that are connected to the tip of the second end 22 as will be explained further below in relation to the operation of the container body and head components when releasing the liquid.

It should be noted that this embodiment has many similar features as the embodiment described above, especially in relation to the axial and radial locking systems as well as the configuration and shape of the second end 22 of the container body 12. In addition, most head component constructions can be used with either embodiment of the container body 12 corresponding to FIG. 9 or FIG. 18.

In operation, the container body 12 is coupled with the head component 14 and the tongue 112 engages part of the head component 14 such that rotation of the container body 12 relative to the head component 14 causes the tongue 15 to twist and break away and create fluid communication between the container body 12 and the interior of head component 14.

Referring now to FIGS. 20, 21 and 22, the head component 14 is shown in greater detail and comprises several features as described hereinabove. The head component 14 may have a tapered section 120 in between the tubular trunk 30 and the base portion 32.

More particularly, as shown on FIGS. 21 and 22, the engagement unit 40 has a slot 122 oriented, sized and configured to receive and engage with the tongue of the container body. In one optional embodiment, the slot 122 may have a shape corresponding to the shape of the tongue as shown in FIG. 18. In such a case, the slot 120 as shown in FIGS. 21 and 22 has two cylindrical portions 124, 126 that extend a part of the way along its length (L) and a central flat portion 128. The cylindrical portions 124, 126 receive and engage the ribs of the tongue while the flat portion 128 receives the tab-shaped portion 118 of the tongue. Providing this matching configuration of the tongue and slot enables improved efficiency and performance.

As the container body 12 is mounted into the head component 14, the lips of the front end of the container body 12 pass axially through the axial channel sections 92 until they abut on the bottom surface of the channels. At the same time, the tongue 112 is inserted into the slot 120 (with the ribs housed in the cylindrical portions) of the engagement unit 40. In this position, the head component 14 and the container body 12 are in a fluid containment mode. Preferably, the head and container body are provided with additional coupling means for snapping or otherwise holding them together in this position. The liquid dispensing applicator may be sold in this pre-assembled form.

The channels allow the lips to rotationally slide therein, when the head component is rotated relative to the container body. Preferably, the channels and lips are provided with locking elements, such that once the handle is rotated within the head component the lips are locked in the rotated position.

The liquid dispensing applicator is assembled as appreciated by referring to the Figs. The container body is inserted into the head component such that the slot receives the tongue or the offset projections as the case may be. In addition, the container body and the head component are provided with corresponding coupling elements, preferably an annular ridge and an annular groove, such that when the handle component is inserted into the head component the ridge snaps into the groove and axially locks the two components together. This is to prevent the components from being pulled apart. The ridge and groove are arranged in order to lock the components axially while allowing rotational movement with respect to each other. In operation, when the head and container body components are rotated with respect to each other, a rupture is caused in the container body. The rupture is achieved by deflection shearing in the case of the offset projections and by at least partially rotationally shearing in the case of the tongue which is tom away from the front end to expose apertures which preferably align at the end of rotation with the passages provided in the engagement unit. Liquid is thus released through the apertures, and flows through the passages into the lower cavity of the head component. The fluid flows into the base, which acts as a housing to the sponge. The base has inset region that is preferably spaced away from the absorbent material, which allows the fluid to then flow into that inset region to improve even distribution over the absorbent material. The absorbent material is mounted to the base, preferably around the perimeter using an adhesive. Once the fluid penetrated through the absorbent material it can be dispensed by the absorbent material.

In operation, the user rotates the container body relative to the head component. Consequently, this causes the lips to slide within the channels and the engagement unit to engage and exert forces on the tongue or offset projections, as the case may be, which are fixedly mounted to the rest of the front end of the container body. At a certain point, the proximal portion of the tongue or offset projection, engaged within the slot, is broken by this rotation. Preferably, a snap signifies the user of the completion of the tongue or offset projection break. The breaking of the tongue or offset projection away from the rest of the handle component creates fluid communication allowing the liquid to flow through the passageway and into the absorbent material. To facilitate this liquid flow, the engagement unit is preferably constructed to have passages which directly communicate with the exposed cavity of the container body after rotation. Preferably, the engagement unit comprises various walls that are designed to define the slot and passages within the handle component. In some embodiments, the slot and passages may extend in a substantially same direction as illustrated.

As the container body is locked in place with the lips engaged into the channels, a fixed connection is made between the container body and the head component. This connection provides reliability and security for the liquid dispensing applicator during liquid application, the head and handle components being secured together and acting as an integral unit. In addition, by providing a locking mechanism between the head and container body components once rotated to the liquid dispensing position, single-use of the liquid dispensing applicator is facilitated since the head and container body components cannot be detached, refilled or reused. Once rotation has taken place the broken tongue or offset projections may remain within the slot and the two apertures are exposed (see FIG. 25). The passages of the engagement unit are preferably sized and configured in relation to the channels and lips such that after full rotation the exposed apertures are aligned and communicate with the passages, thus ameliorating liquid flow.

The container body is preferably moulded such that the ribs of the tongue cap the apertures, which are then exposed with the breaking of the ribs away from the surrounding region. The ribs or offset projections may be sized as a function of the desired aperture size and engagement with the slot to effect adequate shearing upon rotation. It should also be noted that the tongue and exposable apertures may have a variety of forms and configurations, as long as the breaking of the tongue causes fluid communication between the cavity of the container and the tubular member. In one non-illustrated variant, the cross sections of the passages and the apertures are very similar, e.g. circular, and their alignment enables the fluid communication. It is not imperative that the tongue be completely broken away from the handle component and remain housed within the slot upon rotation; the tongue may be only partially broken away at its lateral ends to expose the apertures while remaining attached at its central portion. It should also be noted that while the preferred method of breaking the tongue is via torsion forces by opposed rotation of the head and container body components along generally longitudinal axes, the head and container body components could also be constructed and arranged such that the tongue and slot engage and are displaced or rotated relative to each other along other axes or vectors to effect the break and enable liquid to be released. The liquid is released from the two apertures into the cavity of the tubular member according to the pressure given by the user by squeezing the container.

The tongue and slot engagement provides a number of advantages for the liquid dispensing applicator. One advantage is improved reliability and consistency when breaking the tongue. While known applicators depended on subjective deflection applied by a given user to break the tongue, various embodiments of the dispensing applicator of the present invention allow consistent and recognizable breaking by any user, reliable breaking and positioning of the tongue away from the apertures and reliable positioning of the exposed apertures to ensure consistent and proper liquid flow toward the absorbent material. The slot and tongue arrangement is also covered and protected by the surrounding tubular component, which can help improve sterility and hygiene by limiting or eliminating contact with the environment or the user.

The liquid flowing into the cavity of the head component is dispensed through the absorbent material fitted into the base portion. The cavity of the tubular member is in fluid communication with the absorbent material, preferably around the middle of the base portion. This arrangement helps to improve even distribution of the liquid into the absorbent material for improved application. In addition, the angle (about 45°), between the upper surface of the base portion and the tubular member, offers an easy and ergonomic handling of the applicator and efficient squeezing of the container body to allow fluid dispensing. This arrangement provides proper liquid flow through the absorbent material which can be easily maintained in contact with the surface on which the liquid is to be applied.

In another embodiment, as described above, the applicator has “double-lock” functionality. The first lock axially holds the components together and is achieved when the front end of the container body is inserted into the head component. This first locking may be snap action by a groove-ridge engagement. The second lock radially holds the components in a position of fluid release. Upon rotating the components with respect to each other and causing fluid communication between the components, the second lock holds the components in the desired aligned fluid flow position, e.g. with the apertures of the container body aligned with the passages of the head component. It should be understood that many different locking mechanisms or means of achieving the “double-lock” functionality may be used.

In another optional aspect, the container body may be constructed such that the second end is a separate component which has threads for engaging with the main container portion to form the container body. In another aspect, the container body may be constructed such that the second end is glued, adhered, melt bonded, ultrasonically joined or otherwise attached onto the rest of the main container portion. In another aspect, the container body may be constructed as a moulded structure without the offset projections or without the tongue element, as the case may be. The container body may in this case have two openings at the second end and the offset projections or tongue element is then glued, adhered, melt bonded, ultrasonically joined or otherwise attached into place over the openings. In such embodiments, when the container body is rotated in relation to the head component, the offset projections or tongue element may be allowed to break off due to rupture or disconnection of the glue, adhesive, welded region or other attachment means.

In another optional aspect, the liquid dispensing applicator is constructed to provide flow control once the fluid communication has been established. The container body and head component engagement may be so as to establish abutment surfaces to allow a relatively sealed engagement avoiding air re-entry. Surface abutment and alignment of the broken openings and the fluid passageway upon rotation improve the flow control of the applicator.

In another optional aspect, referring to FIGS. 28a-28d and FIG. 29, the offset projections 26 may also have support tabs 130 which may have a variety of configurations. There may be support tabs 130 on either side or on a single side of each offset projection. The support tabs may extend above the tip of each offset projection as in FIGS. 28c and 28d , or may end midway up the offset projection as in FIGS. 28a and 28b . The support tabs 130 are preferably configured, sized and given sufficient thickness to provide support to the offset projections 26. Added support can aid during manufacture, packaging, transport and operation of the device to avoid premature or unwanted breakage of the offset projections, for example. It is also preferred, as illustrated, that the support tabs 130 are unitary with the corresponding offset projections 26 and do not span across the rotation axis 24.

In another optional aspect, the liquid is a substance with a viscosity allowing it to flow out of the container body in response to pressure thereon. The liquid may be a substantially Newtonian fluid such as aqueous based fluids for surgical application. The liquid may also be a thicker fluid, semi-liquid fluid, or another fluid for application onto a surface.

Referring to FIGS. 30 and 31, the container body 12, which may be identical or similar to one or more of the container body example described herein or have a different configuration, may be used with a sponge 134 that is affixed to the neck of the container body 12. The sponge 134 has an inner cavity into which the liquid dispensing end of the container body 12 may be inserted, and an adhesive may be used to connect the two elements. An adhesive band 136 adhesive may be applied around the circumference of the tubular container body 12 and the sponge 134 may have a correspondingly shaped connection region 138 may be brought into contact with the adhesive band 136 in order to connect the elements. In operation, a user may use an object or hand to cause the fluid to flow, for example by pinching and twisting through the sponge 134 to engage the tongue or projection or another elements that may be provided to cause breakage and formation of a fluid communication breach. The fluid in the container body 12 can thus flow into the sponge and the applicator can be used. The breakage may be in response to a twisting, a shearing, a bending or another mechanism depending on the structure of the liquid dispensing end of the container body.

Referring to FIGS. 32 to 34 b, the head component 14 may have various other features and configurations. For example, the head component 14 may include at least one wing element 140 that may be part of the one piece head component structure or otherwise attached to the head component.

Referring to FIG. 32, there may also be two wing elements 140 that are configured in an opposed and generally parallel orientation, extending from a side wall of the head component 14 beyond the distal surface 62 of the engagement unit 40. The engagement unit 40 may be similar or different from the engagement units described and/or illustrated herein. Each wing element 140 may thus have an attachment region 142 connected for example to the side walls of the head component 14 and free ends 144. The sponge 34 may include a single sponge piece with a lower slot for receiving the wing elements 140 or two opposed distinct sponge pieces that are attached to opposing sides of the wing elements 140. The sponge 34 may have flat surfaces that are placed along the flat surfaces of the wing elements 140. The sponge 34 may be attached to the wing elements and/or other regions of the head component using adhesive, molding techniques (e.g. ultrasonic molding) or other techniques. The applicator of FIG. 32 can have one of more of the features of the other applicators described herein.

Referring to FIGS. 32 to 34 b, the wing elements 140 may have a variety of configurations and structures, such as tapering toward the free ends, curved free ends (as in FIG. 32), square free ends (as in FIGS. 33 to 34 b), attached to the pouter surface of the conical part of the head component along a thin edge (as in FIGS. 32 and 33), or attached over a larger surface of the conical part of the head component and having a block element 146 as the attachment region 142 (as in FIGS. 34a and 34b ).

Referring to FIGS. 34a and 34b , the block element 146 may encircle the periphery of the distal surface 62 of the engagement unit 40. In addition, the wing elements 140 may have a first side surface 148 having a first colour and a second side surface 150 having a second colour different from the first colour. The colours may be provided to be visible through the sponge so as to act as indicia to indicate to a user to use one side of the sponge for an initial application of fluid followed by another side of the sponge for a subsequent application of the fluid.

Referring to FIGS. 35a and 35b , the wing elements 140 of the head component 14 may be provided with at least one edge spike 156. In the embodiment shown, each wing element 140 is provided with four edge spikes 156. It is understood that the number of edge spikes 156 per wing element 140 may vary. The head component 14 is insertable into a slot 174 provided in an absorbent material, such as a sponge 34. The purpose of the edge spikes 156 is to hold the absorbent material in place, such that no or only a small amount of adhesive material is required to prevent to absorbent material from being easily removed after insertion of the wing elements 140 into the slot 174. In the embodiment shown, the angle α formed between the edge spikes 156 and the longitudinal axis A of the applicator is between about 400 and about 50°, or about 45°. It is understood that the angle α may be chosen such that the wing elements 140 can be inserted into the slot of the absorbent material with little to no resistance, and such that the edge spikes 156 of the wing elements 140 hinder and/or prevent the removal of the absorbent material. The angle α may therefore be lower than 90°.

Still referring to FIGS. 35a and 35b , the two wing elements 140 of the head component 14 are linked together at their distal end by a bridge element 152. The bridge element 152 can provide stability during insertion of the wing elements 140 into the slot 174 of the sponge 34. It is understood that the bridge element 152 can be integrally moulded and/or form a one-piece structure with the two wing elements 140.

The wing elements 140 and/or the bridge element 152 of the head component 14 include two opposite surfaces. At least one of the opposing surfaces of the wing elements 140 and/or the bridge element 152 can include at least one surface spike 154. In some embodiments, each one of the opposing surfaces includes at least one surface spike 154. In the embodiment shown, each wing element includes three surface spikes 154 on each opposite surface, and the bridge element includes one surface spike 154 on each opposite surface. The surface spikes 154 can have a similar function as the edge spikes 156, which is to hinder and/or prevent the removal of the absorbent material after insertion of the wing elements 140 into the absorbent material. It is understood that each surface spike 154 can have various shapes which include without being limited to a cone, a prism, a triangular prism and a pyramid. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 35a and 35b , the surface spikes 154 have a triangular prism shape. One of the surfaces of the triangular prism contacts the surface of the wing element 140 or the bridge element 152, while the other two surfaces are configured to allow insertion of the wing elements 140 into the slot of the absorbent material while hindering or preventing removal. For example, as shown in FIG. 35b , the angle β between a second surface of the triangular prism and one of the opposite surfaces is about 45°. Similarly, the angle γ between a third surface of the triangular prism and one of the opposite surfaces is about 90°. The angle β can be between 0° and 90° and/or the angle γ can be between 0° and 90°.

The sponge 34 may be provided so as to completely or partially enclose and cover the head component 14.

Now referring now to FIGS. 36a, 36b, 37a and 37b , a liquid applicator according to an embodiment is shown. The container body 12 is designed to have an elongated tubular structure so as to be manipulated as a handle by a user. The container body 12 has a central portion 68 in between the first end 20 and the second end 22. The central portion 68 can be provided with a sleeve (not shown), which can be used to improve grip and/or for labeling purposes. For example, the sleeve can be made of a polymer material such as PVC, PET, HDPE, Nylon™, and other plastic materials. A groove 158 can be provided in the central portion 68 or the first end 20 of the container body, to prevent the sleeve from sliding from the central portion 68. In some embodiments, the central portion 68 can be provided with ribs 160 which can be used to improve grip. Proximate to the second end 22 of the container body 12, the central portion 68 can be provided with an annular ledge 162 on which the operating hand of the user can be abutted, and/or which can serve as a support member for the second end 22 of the container body 12.

The container body 12 is built such that the second end 20 is a separate component which has threads 164A for engaging with corresponding threads 164B of the central portion 68. In some embodiments, the container body 12 is provided with a ratchet system including ratchet 166A and ratchet 166B. In the embodiment shown, the ratchet 166A is provided on an interior surface of the second end 20, and is configured to lock onto the corresponding ratchet 166B provided on an exterior surface of the central portion 68. In the embodiment shown, the ratchet 166B is located on an exterior surface of the central portion 68, between the ribs 160 and the annular ledge 162. In some scenarios, the ratchet system can lock the second end 20 onto the central portion 68, such that the second end 20 is prevented from being threaded out, without the need of using other affixing means.

Still referring to FIGS. 36a, 36b, 37a and 37b , the liquid applicator can include a sound-generating system for generating a sound during rotation of the container body about the longitudinal axis, in order to indicate to a user that the rotation is performed. The sound-generating system includes a plurality of ribs 170 and at least one knob 172. The at least one knob 172 is configured to cooperate with at least some of the ribs 170 during rotation of the container body about the longitudinal axis, in order to generate the sound. The at least one knob 172 can be located on an outer surface of the head component while the plurality of ribs 170 are located on an outer surface of the second end of the container body, or the at least one knob 172 can be located on the outer surface of the second end of the container body while the plurality of ribs 170 are located on the outer surface of the head component.

In the embodiment shown, two knobs 172 are located opposite to each other, on an outer surface and at the base of the head component 14, and the ribs 170 are located on the outer surface of the second end of the container body. Two consecutive ribs 170 are spaced apart from one another at a distance allowing for a knob 172 to fit between the two consecutive ribs 170. In some embodiments, the knob 172 contacts the two consecutive ribs 170. It is understood that other configurations are possible. In some embodiments, the at least one knob 172 can extend from the outer surface of the head component to contact the second end of the container body and two consecutive ribs 170. In some embodiments, each one of the plurality of ribs 170 can extend from the second end of the container body to contact the outer surface of the head component. In some embodiments, the at least one knob 172 can extend from the second end of the container body to contact the outer surface of the head component and two consecutive ones of the plurality of ribs 170. In some embodiments, each one of the plurality of ribs 170 can extend from the outer surface of the head component to contact the second end of the container body.

In some embodiments, the container body and the head component are rotatable with respect to each other to up to a maximum angle. In some scenarios, the rotation of the container body with respect to the head component enable a twisting of the offset projections 26, which are twisted off upon reaching the maximum angle, thereby forming the fluid communication breach. In some embodiments, the at least one knob is immobilized when the rotation reaches the maximum angle, thereby stopping generation of the sound. For example, the maximum angle is between about 80° and 180° or between 80° and 100°, or of about 90°. In some embodiments, a snap signifies the user of the completion of the rotation and the projection break.

In some embodiments, the sound-generating system described herein can also generate vibrations. In some scenarios, the user can feel the vibrations in the operating hand(s) during rotation of the container body with respect to the head component. The vibrations are stopped when the rotation is stopped or completed.

In another optional aspect, the invention may also include a one-handed method of applying liquid using a liquid dispensing applicator in which a user, such as a pre-operative nurse, grasps the container body of the applicator, twists it relative to the head component causing the projection to break and fluid to be flowable, locks the container body with respect to the head component in the fluid flow position, and then commences application of the liquid onto a surface. All of the steps are easily performable with one hand due to the breaking by rotation and the radial locking mechanism. 

The invention claimed is:
 1. A liquid dispensing applicator, comprising: a container body for containing a liquid, the container body having a longitudinal axis about which the container body is rotatable and a first end and a second end, the second end comprising a projection; a head component comprising a passageway having a distal end and a proximal end, the proximal end being for receiving the second end of the container body and the distal end being for applying the liquid onto a surface, the passageway containing a slot system for receiving the projection of the container body; wherein the container body and the head component are rotatable with respect to each other to enable engagement of the projection and the slot system and cause breakage of part of the container body to form a fluid communication breach thereby allowing the liquid to flow from the container body into the passageway of the head component; and a sound-generating system for generating a sound during rotation of the container body about the longitudinal axis to indicate to a user that the rotation is performed, the sound-generating system comprising: at least one knob and a plurality of ribs, the at least one knob cooperating with at least some of the ribs during rotation of the container body about the longitudinal axis, in order to generate the sound, wherein the at least one knob is located on an outer surface of the head component and the plurality of ribs are located on an outer surface of the second end of the container body, or the at least one knob is located on the outer surface of the second end of the container body and the plurality of ribs are located on the outer surface of the head component.
 2. The applicator of claim 1, wherein the at least one knob comprises two knobs.
 3. The applicator of claim 2, wherein the two knobs are located opposite to each other.
 4. The applicator of claim 1, wherein the at least one knob is positioned between two consecutive ones of the plurality of ribs.
 5. The applicator of claim 1, wherein the container body and the head component are rotatable with respect to each other to up to a maximum angle.
 6. The applicator of claim 5, wherein the fluid communication breach is formed substantially upon reaching the maximum angle, and wherein the at least one knob is immobilized upon reaching the maximum angle thereby stopping generation of the sound.
 7. The applicator of claim 5, wherein the maximum angle is between about 80° and about 180°.
 8. The applicator of claim 1, wherein a snap signifies the user of the completion of the rotation and the projection break.
 9. The applicator of claim 1, wherein the at least one knob extends from the outer surface of the head component to contact the second end of the container body and two consecutive ones of the plurality of ribs.
 10. The applicator of claim 1, wherein each one of the plurality of ribs extends from the second end of the container body to contact the outer surface of the head component.
 11. The applicator of claim 1, wherein the at least one knob extends from the second end of the container body to contact the outer surface of the head component and two consecutive ones of the plurality of ribs.
 12. The applicator of claim 1, wherein each one of the plurality of ribs extends from the outer surface of the head component to contact the second end of the container body.
 13. A liquid dispensing applicator, comprising: a container body for containing a liquid, the container body having a longitudinal axis about which the container body is rotatable and a first end and a second end, the second end comprising a projection; a head component comprising a passageway having a distal end and a proximal end, the proximal end being for receiving the second end of the container body and the distal end being for applying the liquid onto a surface, the passageway containing a slot system for receiving the projection of the container body; wherein the container body and the head component are rotatable with respect to each other to enable engagement of the projection and the slot system and cause breakage of part of the container body to form a fluid communication breach thereby allowing the liquid to flow from the container body into the passageway of the head component, the head component further comprising at least one wing element insertable into a slot provided in an absorbent material, the at least one wing element extending from an outer surface of the head component and comprising opposing surfaces and a at least one edge spike provided on an edge of the at least one wing element and configured to prevent the absorbent material from being removed after insertion of the at least one wing element into the slot.
 14. The applicator of claim 13, wherein the at least one edge spike comprises a plurality of edge spikes.
 15. The applicator of claim 13, wherein an angle formed between the at least one edge spike and the longitudinal axis is lower than 90°.
 16. The applicator of claim 13, wherein the at least one wing element comprises two wing elements.
 17. The applicator of claim 16, wherein the two wing elements are provided in a spaced-apart and generally parallel relation to each other.
 18. The applicator of claim 16, wherein the two wing elements are linked together by a bridge element.
 19. The applicator of claim 13, wherein at least one of the opposing surfaces comprises at least one surface spike.
 20. The applicator of claim 13, wherein each one of the opposing surfaces comprises at least one surface spike.
 21. The applicator of claim 20, wherein the at least one surface spike comprises a plurality of surface spikes.
 22. The applicator of claim 13, wherein the at least one wing element comprises an attachment region attached to the outer surface of the head component and a free end extending beyond an end surface of the slot system.
 23. The applicator of claim 22, wherein the attachment region is connected to a conical part of the head component.
 24. The applicator of claim 13, wherein the head component including the at least one wing element is provided as a one piece structure.
 25. The applicator of claim 13, wherein the head component is a molded structure.
 26. The applicator of claim 13, wherein the absorbent material comprises a single piece of sponge comprising a slot for receiving at least part of the at least one wing element therein. 